LONDON BRIDGE

On 18 April 1968, the London bridge built in 1831, was sold to the American entrepreneur Robert McCulloch for US$2,460,000.

Why was the old London Bridge sold?

In 1962 the bridge was found to be in disrepair and sinking into the Thames due to the increased traffic. It needed to be replace.

Where is the old London Bridge now?

The ols London Bridge which spanned the River Thames for almost 140 years, from the 1830's until 1968, was moved moved 7,000 miles to Lake Havasu City, USA, as a tourist attraction.

Brief history of London Bridge

There has been many London Bridges - each one either falling down or having to b replaced due to not being fit for purpose. The first London Bridge is thought to have been built by the Romans sometime in the first century. The first few London Bridges were wooden bridges, these were eventualy replaced with a stone bridge, the first one being started in 1176.

Throughout its history, London bridge has been a busy thoroughfare, and was once lined with shops. The road over the bridge was only about 4m wide between the shops. It was so narrow it often jammed with people, horses and carts.

2010 UK Calendar dates 2010 british festivals .... folklore ... anniversaries .... on this day   In 1757 the houses and shops on the bridge were demolished. A new bridge was built in 1831 to replace the old one. The present london bridge opened in 1973

SHAKESPEARE'S SONNET 18

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometimes declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: As long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

TITANIC - 100th ANNIVERSARY 15th APRIL

In the early hours of 15 April 1912, RMS Titanic sank.

On April 10, 1912, the RMS Titanic embarked on its maiden voyage, sailing from Southampton, England, to New York City. One of the largest and most luxurious passenger liners at the time, the Titanic was also considered by many to be unsinkable. On April 14, however, the ship struck an iceberg, and early the next day it sank. Some 1,500 people perished. Because of the tragedy, the Titanic became perhaps the best-known ship in the world, capturing the public imagination and inspiring popular books and movies. After the 1985 discovery of its wreckage, interest in the famed liner only increased. Some 100 years after its sinking, the Titanic remains an enduring legend.

Through articles, photographs, and interactive features, Encyclopædia Britannica presents the story of the Titanic, from its construction to its early demise to its lasting influence on popular culture. Select a link on the left to begin the journey.

Titanic Facts

RMS Titanic

The titanic Interactive

On Board The Titanic

Treachery On The Titanic

TITANIC - THE REAL STORY

MY HEART WILL GO ON

MAUNDY THURSDAY ZAMARRILLA AND ESPERANZA

La Virgen de la Amargura (Zamarrilla) as it returns to its temple passing in front of La Esperanza Basilica.

MAUNDY THURSDAY IN MÁLAGA

 

 

It was on this day that Jesus attended the Last Supper, where he created the Eucharist and washed the

feet of his disciples to show that we must clean our hearts. Following the betrayal of Judas, Jesus Christ was arrested, judged before Pontius Pilate and condemned.

The Thursday is without doubt the most popular day of the Holy Week Malaga in terms of attendance.

The processions of this day are:

Santa Cruz
Sagrada Cena
Viñeros
Mena
Misericordia
Zamarrilla
Esperanza

EARTH HOUR - 31st MARCH

UNITE PEOPLE TO PROTECT THE PLANET EARTH HOUR 2012:SATURDAY 31ST MARCH, 8:30 - 9:30 PM

Hundreds of millions of people, businesses and governments around the world unite each year to support the largest environmental event in history – Earth Hour. More than 5,200 cities and towns in 135 countries worldwide switched off their lights for Earth Hour 2011 alone, sending a powerful message for action on climate change. It also ushered in a new era with members going Beyond the Hour to commit to lasting action for the planet. Without a doubt, it’s shown how great things can be achieved when people come together for a common cause.

TRANSFER OF IMAGES MÁLAGA 2012

Friday 23 March

Rescate: 21'00h . Capilla, C/ Agua, Casa Hermandad
Estudiantes: 22'00h.San Agustín,Granada, Pl. del Siglo, Molina Lario, Santa María, Císter,Alcazabilla , Casa Hermandad.

Saturday 24 March

Cena:11'00h. Pl. de los Mártires, Santa Lucia, Granada,Pl. Constitución, Larios, Dr D. Manuel Perez- Bryan, Pl. de las Flores, Fco de Rioja, C/ Nueva,Especerías, Salvago, Compañía, Pl. San Ignacio,Compañia,Casa Hermandad

Nueva Esperanza:12'15h. Parroquia San Joaquin y Santa Ana , Camino Castillejos, Salvador Barberá, Ministerio de la Vivienda, Rosas, Salvador Barberá, Camino Castillejos, Casa Hermandad.

Sunday 25 March

Sangre: 11'00h. Iglesia San Felipe, Parras,Molinillo,Alderete,San Bartolomé,, Cruz del Molinillo,   Ollerías, Dos Aceras, Casa Hermandad.

Prendimiento: 17'30h.Pl.Capuchinos, E.Domínguez Ávila, San Juan Bosco, visita al Hospital Sagrado Corazón, Emilio Carreras, Monserrat, Alameda Barceló, E.Domínguez Ávila, Pl.Capuchinos, Alameda de Capuchinos, M Bueno Lara, Pl. Maestro Artola, San Millán y Casa Hermandad.

Gitanos: 17'30h.Mártires, Comedias, Mendez Núñez, Casapalma, Cárcer, Pl Jerónimo Cuervo,Ramos Marín, Gómez Pallete, Merced, Frailes,Casa Hermandad.

Rocío: 18'00h.San Lázaro, Amargura, Pl. Alfonso XII, San Patricio, Xto de la Epidemia, Pl.de la Victoria, Párroco Fco Ruiz Furest, Pl. Marcelino Champagnat, Casa Hermandad.

Pollinica: 18'30h.San Agustín, Granada, Méndez Núñez, Pl. Uncibay, Pl. del Teatro, Puerta de Buenaventura, Álamos, Dos Aceras, Guerrero, Gaona, Parras, Casa Hermandad.

Huerto: 18'45h.Mártires, Santa Lucía, Pl Constitución, Especerías, Nueva, Pl Félix Sáenz, Sebastián Souvirón, Pasillo Santa Isabel, Puente de Santo Domingo, Pl. Religiosa Filipense Dolores Márquez, Jorge Lamothe, Pl. Virgen de la Concepción.

Entronización Stmo Cristo de la Agonía:19'30h.Oratorio de las Penas, Pl. Virgen de las Penas.

Viñeros: 20'00h.Iglesia Conventual de la Aurora y Divina Providencia, Andrés Pérez, Carretería, Tejón y Rodríguez, Comedias, Pl.de los Mártires, Ciriaco y Paula, Estación en la Iglesia Parroquial,Comedias, Nosquera, Muro de las Catalinas, Andrés Pérez, Carretería, Biedmas, Pl.de los Viñeros,Casa Hermandad.

Piedad: 20'00h. Capilla de Ntra Sra de la Piedad, Cruz del Molinillo, Convento Madres Mercedarias, San Bartolomé, Capuchinos, Cruz del Molinillo, Alderete, Casa Hermandad.



Vía Crucis Esperanza:21'00h. Basílica de la Esperanza, Pl.Lola Carrera-Nazareno Verde, Salón de Tronos.

WORLD TB DAY - 24th MARCH

World TB Day, falling on March 24th each year, is designed to build public awareness that tuberculosis today remains an epidemic in much of the world, causing the deaths of several million people each year, mostly in developing countries. It commemorates the day in 1882 when Dr Robert Koch astounded the scientific community by announcing that he had discovered the cause of tuberculosis, the TB bacillus. At the time of Koch's announcement in Berlin, TB was raging through Europe and the Americas, causing the death of one out of every seven people. Koch's discovery opened the way towards diagnosing and curing TB.

THANK, TEACHER

BICENTENARY OF THE SPANISH CONSTITUTION OF 1812

The Spanish Constitution of 1812 was the first Liberal Magna Carta in Europe.

Publicly enacted in Cadiz on 19 March 1812, it will be celebrating its two-hundredth anniversary on 19 March 2012. That day will commemorate the birth in Spain of liberty, civil rights, the concept of citizenship and Modern Spain.

The Spanish Constitution of 1812 was publicly enacted at the Oratorio San Felipe Neri building in Cadiz during a period in which Spain was under occupation by Napoleon's troops and coincided with the celebration of Saint Joseph's Day (San José in Spanish). Hence the name "La Pepa" since anyone with the name "José" in Spanish is familiarly known as "Pepe".

The Spanish Constitution of 1812 soon became a true symbol of democracy as it influenced the text of several other European constitutions, as well as the constitutional foundations for most Iberian-American States following their independence from Spain.

"La Pepa" was the first Spanish constitution to establish popular sovereignty, the separation of powers, the freedom of expression and freedom of the press.

In other words, two hundred years ago, the Spanish became pioneers when they implemented values, freedoms and civil rights in a tangible fashion that are unquestionable today and form an intrinsic part of the national identity. Two centuries on and this historic milestone is being commemorated as an event that transformed Spain into a solid democracy.

As part of these commemorations surrounding this bicentenary, plans have been made to hold numerous commemorative, cultural and academic events in the city of Cadiz throughout 2012.

The Spanish Constitution of 1812 taken to Cadiz under National Police escort in commemoration of its second centenary"-

The 1812 Spanish Constitution taken to Cadiz under National Police escort in commemoration of its second centenary

ST PATRICK'S DAY 17th MARCH

The person who was to become St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, was born in Wales about AD 385. His given name was Maewyn. When he was 16, he was sold into slavery to Ireland where he was a shepherd for 6 years. While in captivity he studied and turned to religion. He escaped slavery and later returned to Ireland as a missionary, determined to convert Ireland to Christianity. He used the shamrock to explain the Holy Trinity. Patrick was quite successful at winning converts. And this fact upset the Celtic Druids. Patrick was arrested several times, but escaped each time. He traveled throughout Ireland, establishing monasteries across the country. He also set up schools and churches which would aid him in his conversion of the Irish country to Christianity. His mission in Ireland lasted for thirty years. After that time, Patrick retired to County Down.
He died on March 17 in AD 461. That day has been commemorated as St. Patrick's Day ever since. Much Irish folklore surrounds St. Patrick's Day. Not much of it is actually substantiated. Some of this lore includes the belief that Patrick raised people from the dead. He also is said to have given a sermon from a hilltop that drove all the snakes from Ireland. Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick's Day has evolved into more of a secular holiday.
One traditional symbol of the day is the shamrock. And this stems from a more bona fide Irish tale that tells how Patrick used the three-leafed shamrock to explain the Trinity. He used it in his sermons to represent how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entity. His followers adopted the custom of wearing a shamrock on his feast day.The holiday, March 17th, is marked by parades in cities across the United States. The largest of these, held since 1762, is in New York City, and draws more than one million spectators each year. In Ireland, it is a religious holiday similar to Christmas and Easter

HAPPY ST. PATRICK'S DAY

ST PATRICK'S DAY

SAINT PATRICK'S DAY - 17TH MARCH

St. Patrick's Day is celebrated by the Irish and Irish at Heart in big cities and small towns alike with parades, "wearing of the green," music and songs, Irish food and drink, and activities for kids such as crafts, coloring and games. Its a time for fun. Some communities even go so far as to dye rivers or streams green!

Well now St. Patrick's Day wouldn't exist if not for the man himself! But how much do we know about him? Did you know that he spent six years of slavery in Ireland until he escaped and undertook religious training abroad?

ST. PATRICK IS COMING

Listen and watch the funny video.

2012 Theme: CONNECTING GIRLS, INSPIRING FUTURES

If every International Women's Day event held in 2012 includes girls in some way, then thousands of minds will be inspired globally.

Each year around the world, International Women's Day (IWD) is celebrated on March 8. Thousands of events occur not just on this day but throughout March to mark the economic, political and social achievements of women.

Organisations, governments, charities and women's groups around the world choose different themes each year that reflect global and local gender issues.

"Connecting Girls, Inspiring Futures" is the 2012 theme of the internationalwomensday.com website and this has been widely used by hundreds of organisations including schools, universities, governments, women’s groups and the private sector. Each year the United Nations declares an overall International Women's Day theme. Their 2012 theme is “Empower Rural Women – End Hunger and Poverty”. Many organisations develop their own themes that are more relevant to their local contexts. For example, the European Parliament's 2012 theme is "Equal pay for work of equal value".

United Nation International Women's Day themes:

- 2012: Empower Rural Women – End Hunger and Poverty
- 2011: Equal access to education, training and science and technology
- 2010: Equal rights, equal opportunities: Progress for all
- 2009: Women and men united to end violence against women and girls
- 2008: Investing in Women and Girls
- 2007: Ending Impunity for Violence against Women and Girls
- 2006: Women in decision-making
- 2005: Gender Equality Beyond 2005: Building a More Secure Future
- 2004: Women and HIV/AIDS
- 2003: Gender Equality and the Millennium Development Goals
- 2002: Afghan Women Today: Realities and Opportunities
- 2001: Women and Peace: Women Managing Conflicts
- 2000: Women Uniting for Peace
- 1999: World Free of Violence against Women
- 1998: Women and Human Rights
- 1997: Women at the Peace Table
- 1996: Celebrating the Past, Planning for the Future
- 1975: First IWD celebrated by the United Nations

WHICH ONE?

LEAP YEAR DAY

What is a leap year?

A leap year is a year in which one extra day has been inserted at the end of February. A leap year consists of 366 days, whereas other years, called common years, have 365 days.

The extra day, the 29 February, is the 60th day of a leap year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 306 days remaining.

When is the next Leap Year?

Leap years generally occur every four years. The next leap year will fall in 2012.

Why is it called a Leap Year?

Hundreds of years ago the leap year day had no recognition in English law. The day was 'leapt over' and ignored, hence the term 'leap year'.

Why do we have a leap Day?

The 29 February is known as a leap day and it is added to the calendar during a leap year. This extra day is added every four years to bring the solar year of 365¼ days into line with the calendar year of 365 days.

A Leap Day Tradition

The one day of the year on which, traditionally, women can propose to men. It was considered that as the day also had no legal status, it was reasonable to assume that tradition had no status, so women took advantage of this and proposed to the man they wanted to marry.

A law once existed in Scotland forbidding a man to refuse a proposal made to him. Punishment for such an offence was a large fine.

This tradition goes back to an old Irish legend concerning St. Patrick and St. Bridget in the 5th Century.

In the 5th century, a nun by the name of St. Bridget, petitioned St. Patrick on behalf of all women in that they have a more active role in choosing their husbands. As a result of this request, women were allowed to propose to men once every four years.

Leap Day Superstition

In Scotland it is thought unlucky to be born on a Leap Year’s Day.

Interesting Fact about Leap Years

You can work out which year will be a year year by dividing the year by 4. Years which are evenly divisible by 4, such as 2004 and 2008 are leap years. However, there are some exceptions in century years.

A century year, that is, a year which ends in two zeroes 1800, 1900, 2000, etc., is not a leap year unless it is also evenly divisible by 400. This means that the year 2000 was a leap year and 2400 will also be one, but 1800 and 1900 were not leap years. Can you work out other century years which wont be leap years either? ( 2100, 2200, and 2300 )

           

OSCAR NOMINATIONS 2012

EXHIBITION "THE SHROUD" IN MÁLAGA

Malaga reaches the first exhibition on the Shroud, one of the most studied objects of religious history.

The exhibition will be held at the Cathedral of Malaga in the months of February through May, will feature twelve rooms to be installed in the choir of the church and tries to show, in a fun, all the research that has been carried out in this tissue that allegedly covered the body of Jesus of Nazareth.

This exposure has an audio guide to accompany the visitor on a tour of each of the rooms. Also, the exhibition features dozens of pieces of art, coins and manuscripts, illustrating the course of the famous relic tour to reach Turin (Italy), where it is today.

Of the twelve rooms are perhaps the most attractive room and forensic science room where visitors can see the studies conducted so far by the leading experts in the field, contributing data on the Shroud and the image that contains .

In the forensic room, the viewer will attend a 3D analysis will reveal aspects of torture and death of the man who was wrapped in a sheet from a perspective never seen before. Also, visitors can compare information from different forensic elements of the Shroud.

In this room also shows the forensics of another key, the Holy Shroud which, according to tradition, preserved in the Cathedral of Oviedo. Both objects are compared and analyzed together in a forensic scientific study, providing data on the wearer.

In the science room sets, on the other hand, studies that have attempted to explain how the image may have originated, some scientists have said was formed by the energy transmitted by a body (that Christians linked with the Resurrection of Jesus ).

-Scale recreation of the tomb where Jesus could be buried, according to research conducted in the Holy Land by archaeologist Florentino Díez, an expert in this field.

-The facsimile of the Shroud, made for this exhibition by a laboratory in Turin under the authority of Pope Benedict XVI. Your image and structure is accurate in every one of the original itemize.

-The body of the Man of the Shroud, a key made by the renowned sculptor Juan Manuel Miñarro, scholar and member of EDICE Sindone.

WHITNEY HOUSTON FUNERAL

Read this article and do the activities

Pop superstar Whitney Houston has passed away aged 48. The blues and soul songstress died in a Beverly Hills hotel room on Sunday, just hours before she was to appear at a pre-Grammy Awards party. Ms Houston was expected to receive a lifetime achievement award at the main ceremony. Medics arrived at her room around 3.43 pm and administered CPR. She was pronounced dead 12 minutes later. The cause of her death is not yet known. Her body was quickly removed from the hotel to avoid the chaos of the world’s media, which had congregated to cover the story. A police officer told reporters: "She has been positively identified by friends and family…and next of kin have already been notified.”

Whitney Houston was one of the world’s most influential, successful and popular singers. She was born into a musical family. Her mother Cissy was a gospel singer and her aunt was the legendary Dionne Warwick. Houston won six Grammy awards among many other top prizes. She released seven studio albums and sold over 170 million CDs, singles and videos. Her most famous song is her worldwide hit, "I Will Always Love You." In 1992, she married soul singer Bobby Brown. They had a rocky relationship that was widely covered by the press. The last 10 years of her life were dominated by drug use. Tributes to her have poured in from the world’s music superstars. Rihanna posted on Twitter: "No words, just tears."

PAST TENSE - MEMORY GAME

Match the verb and its past tense.

PAST SIMPLE JEOPARDY GAME

Practise the past simple with this funny game.

DECORATE

Roger has a brand new apartment but doesn't quite know how to decorate it.

CHARLES DARWIN

Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury on 12 February 1809, son of Robert Waring Darwin (1766-1848) and Susannah, daughter of Josiah Wedgwood. He was born on the same day as Abraham Lincoln.

Why is Charles Darwin famous?
Charles was the naturalist who first described the process of evolution. In 1831, Darwin set sail on H.M.S. Beagle as a member of a science expedition. In South America Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that were similar to modern species. In the Galapagos Islands Darwin noticed how the same species of birds, cut off from centuries on different islands, had developed in quite different ways. These and many other amazing discoveries led him to his theory of 'evolution by natural selection'. This theory lies behind all modern ideas on how different species of living things have become to be the way they are and how they will change in the future.

THOMAS EDISON

Who was Thomas Edison?

Thomas Alva Edison was born on 11 February 1847 in Milan, Ohio. He was a brilliant American scientist and inventor who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world. Edison was thrown out of school when he was 12 because he was thought to be not intelligent. Edison is one of the greatest inventors and industrial leaders in history.

Why is Thomas Edison famous?

Thomas Edison held a world record of 1093 patents for inventions such as the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.

  "Mary had a little lamb" - The very first voice recorder

In 1877, Edison created a way to record sound on tinfoil cylinders by using two needles, one for recording and one for playback. The first words that Edison recorded were "Mary Had a Little Lamb."